Endometrial biopsy

An endometrial biopsy is an examination that helps determine if the thickness and structure of the endometrium are suitable for egg implantation. Even though this examination is not extensively used today, it is sometimes indicated for patients with regular menstruation and repeated miscarriages. During an endometrial biopsy, the physician uses a thin device that is inserted is through the cervical canal to take a small tissue sample from the uterine cavity. The samples are then sent to the laboratory for further detailed analysis.

This examination is also used to determine a luteal phase defect, a hormonal disorder causing insufficient progesterone production by the corpus luteum, or when the endometrium does not respond properly to sufficient progesterone production. The corpus luteum is created from the follicle after the egg is released. Progesterone is a hormone necessary for implantation)of a fertilized egg in the uterus.

The examination of the luteal phase defects is performed 7-12 days after the rise in LH, i.e., before menstrual bleeding. The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis, without anesthesia.